Bava Batra 184

Chapter 184

א אי דליכא לאישתלומי מיניה ליעכב תורא בזוזיה דאמרי אינשי מן מרי רשותיך פארי אפרע
1 If there is no [capital] from which [the buyer] may be reimbursed, let the ox be retained for the money;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Why, then, should the ox, according to Rab who considers the sale invalid, be returned to the seller? ');"><sup>1</sup></span> as people say.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Cf. B.K. 46b; B.M. 118a. ');"><sup>2</sup></span>
ב לא צריכא דאיכא לאישתלומי מיניה
2 'from your debtor accept [even] bran in payment'! — [The dispute between Rab and Samuel] is required only [in the case] where there is [capital] from which [the buyer] may be reimbursed. [In such a case] Rab said: The deal was made under false pretences [because] one must be guided by the general practice<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'majority'. ');"><sup>3</sup></span> and most people buy [oxen] for ploughing. But Samuel said [in reply]: One is guided by the general practice in ritual, but not in monetary matters.
ג רב אמר הרי זה מקח טעות בתר רובא אזלינן ורובא לרדיא זבני ושמואל אמר לך כי אזלינן בתר רובא באיסורא בממונא לא:
3 (Mnemonic:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The mnemonic aids in the recollection of the following quotations from which objections were raised to Rab's or Samuel's opinion. ');"><sup>4</sup></span> <i>A woman and a slave, an ox, oxen and fruit</i>.)
ד (סימן אשה ועבד שור שורין ופירות):
4 An objection was raised: [If] a woman has become a widow or has been divorced, and she claims, 'I was married [as] a virgin',<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. n. 23. infra. ');"><sup>5</sup></span> and he<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The husband. ');"><sup>6</sup></span>
ה מיתיבי האשה שנתאלמנה או נתגרשה והיא אומרת בתולה נישאתי והוא אומר לא כי אלא אלמנה נשאתיך אם יש עדים שיצאה בהינומא וראשה פרוע כתובתה מאתים
5 says [to her]. '[It was] not so, but I married you [as] a widow',<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. n. 13. ');"><sup>7</sup></span> if there are witnesses that she left [her father's house for the wedding ceremony] in a curtained litter,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Heb., henuma, [G]. Virgin brides were carried out of their father's home on the wedding day in a curtained litter. ');"><sup>8</sup></span>
ו טעמא דאיכא עדים הא ליכא עדים לא ואמאי לימא הלך אחר רוב הנשים ורוב נשים בתולות נישאות
6 or with uncovered head,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A virgin bride walked to her wedding canopy with 'uncovered head', [H] which others render, 'loosened hair'. ');"><sup>9</sup></span> she [is entitled to] a <i>kethubah</i><span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The endowment or settlement which a wife is entitled to receive on being divorced or on the death of her husband. A woman who married as a virgin is entitled to two hundred zuz; if as a widow, to one hundred zuz only. ');"><sup>10</sup></span>
ז אמר רבינא משום דאיכא למימר רוב נשים בתולות נישאות ומיעוט אלמנות וכל הנישאת בתולה יש לה קול וזו הואיל ואין לה קול איתרע לה רובא
7 of two hundred [<i>zuz</i>].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Keth. 15b. ');"><sup>11</sup></span> Now, the reason [why she receives two hundred <i>zuz</i> is] that there were witnesses but, [it may be inferred], had there been no witnesses, [she would] not [have been entitled to the higher settlement];<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. p. 382. n. 13. ');"><sup>12</sup></span>
ח אי כל הנישאות בתולות יש להן קול כי איכא עדים מאי הוי מדלית לה קול סהדי שקרי נינהו
8 why should it not be said,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As Rab said in the case of the sale of the ox. ');"><sup>13</sup></span> 'Be guided by [what] most women [do]', and most women marry [as] virgins? Rabina said: Because It may be assumed [on the one hand], that the majority of women marry [as] virgins and a minority [as] widows, and, [on the other hand, that] whenever [a woman] marries [as] a virgin [the fact] is known; [consequently] since in her case [the fact] is not known,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As evidenced by the fact that no witnesses are forthcoming. ');"><sup>14</sup></span>
ט אלא רוב הנישאות בתולות יש להן קול וזו הואיל ואין לה קול איתרע לה רובא
9 the majority principle, as applied to her, is impaired.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And she is assumed to belong to the minority. ');"><sup>15</sup></span> [But] if, [as you have said], all who marry [as] virgins are known [to have so married], what use are witnesses? [Surely], since [the fact that] she [married as a virgin] is not known, they [must] be [regarded as] false witnesses.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For if she had married as a virgin the marriage would have been known. ');"><sup>16</sup></span>
י ת"ש המוכר עבד לחברו ונמצא גנב או קוביוסטוס הגיעו לסטים מזויין או מוכתב למלכות אומר לו הרי שלך לפניך
10 But, [this is the answer], the majority of those who marry [as] virgins are known [to have so married] and since this one is not known, the majority principle in her case is impaired. Come and hear! [It has been taught:]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Tosef. Kid. IV, Kid., 11a. ');"><sup>17</sup></span>
יא רישא
11 [If] one sold to another a slave who was found to have been a thief or a gambler,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' [H] cf. [G] 'gambler', [G] 'crafty person'. ');"><sup>18</sup></span> the sale is valid.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'he reached him'. ');"><sup>19</sup></span> [If the slave was found to have been] an armed robber or one prescribed by the government '<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., 'sentenced to death'. ');"><sup>20</sup></span> [the buyer may] say to him; 'This is yours; take him'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'Here is yours before you, and the seller must return the purchase money. ');"><sup>21</sup></span> Now in the case of] the first clause,